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Patil, P. M.
- Study on the Use of Tobacco among Male Medical Students in BLDEU, S Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Bijapur
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Materials and Method: A cross sectional study was done on 260 under graduate male medical students Using pre designed pretested questionnaire to study about the problem and various correlates of the tobacco use, Data was analyzed through chai-square test and Fisher's exact test.
Results: Among the tobacco users (31.53%),smoking was find in 24% and 2.6% tobacco chewing in the form of gutkha, khaini thota dried tobacco leaves 6.5%.Hostellers were found to be more frequent tobacco users as compared to day-scholars. There was a significant relationship between the presence of a smoker in the family and picking up the habit in the present study.
Conclusions: Tobacco use is significant problem among the male medical students and we need to take step to stop its use by them so as to prevent them from being exposed to its harmful effects
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept of Community Medicine, IN
2 Dept of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, IN
3 Dept of Pathology, IN
4 Dept of Physiology, IN
5 Dept of Community Medicine, BLDEU, Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Bijapur, IN
1 Dept of Community Medicine, IN
2 Dept of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, IN
3 Dept of Pathology, IN
4 Dept of Physiology, IN
5 Dept of Community Medicine, BLDEU, Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Bijapur, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Vol 8, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 120-123Abstract
Objectives: Is use of tobacco a major health problem among medical students? To find out the factors associated with the use of tobacco.Materials and Method: A cross sectional study was done on 260 under graduate male medical students Using pre designed pretested questionnaire to study about the problem and various correlates of the tobacco use, Data was analyzed through chai-square test and Fisher's exact test.
Results: Among the tobacco users (31.53%),smoking was find in 24% and 2.6% tobacco chewing in the form of gutkha, khaini thota dried tobacco leaves 6.5%.Hostellers were found to be more frequent tobacco users as compared to day-scholars. There was a significant relationship between the presence of a smoker in the family and picking up the habit in the present study.
Conclusions: Tobacco use is significant problem among the male medical students and we need to take step to stop its use by them so as to prevent them from being exposed to its harmful effects
Keywords
Medical Student, Smoking, Tobacco
- Review Article on Gene Therapy
Abstract Views :249 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Modern College of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi, Pune-44 (M.S), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, IN
1 Modern College of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi, Pune-44 (M.S), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 77-83Abstract
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient. One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells. Based on the nature of the viral genome, these gene therapy vectors can be divided into RNA and DNA viral vectors. The majority of RNA virus-based vectors have been derived from simple retroviruses like murine leukemia virus. A major shortcoming of these vectors is that they are not able to transducer nondividing cells. This problem may be overcome by the use of novel retroviral vectors derived from lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most commonly used DNA virus vectors are based on adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses. An example of gene-knockout mediated gene therapy is the knockout of the human CCR5 gene in T-cells in order to control HIV infection. Although the available vector systems are able to deliver genes in vivo into cells, the ideal delivery vehicle has not been found. Thus, the present viral vectors should be used only with great caution in human beings and further progress in vector development is necessary.Keywords
Lentiviruses, Transducer, RNA Vector, Adeno-Associated Viruses.References
- Perez EE, Wang J, Miller JC, "Establishment of HIV-1 resistance in CD4+ T cells by genome editing using zinc finger nucleases". Nat. Biotechnol. 808–16 (July 2008).
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- Durai S, Mani M, Kandavelou K, Wu J, Porteus MH, Chandrasegaran S "Zinc finger nucleases: custom-designed molecular scissors for genome engineering of plant and mammalian cells". Nucleic Acids Res. 33 ,5978–90. "The Process of Gene Therapy." Alternate Heals. 8 may 2006. Alternate Medicine (23 November 2009).
- Harwood, Adrian J. Protocols for Gene Analysis. 1st. 31. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press, Friedmann, T.; Roblin, R "Gene Therapy for Human Genetic Disease?". Science 175 (25): 949 (1972).
- Alvarez-Erviti L, Seow Y, Yin HF et al. Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes., Published online March 20 (2011).
- Wrobel, I. and Collins, D. Fusion of cationic liposomes with mammalian cells occurs after endocytosis. Biocim. Biophys. Acta 1235, 296–304(1995).
- Woods NB, Bottero V, Schmidt M, von Kalle C, Verma IM "Gene therapy: therapeutic gene causing lymphoma". Nature 440 ,7088 (Apr 2006).
- Wang, Hongjie; Dmitry M. Shayakhmetov, Tobias Leege, Michael Harkey, Qiliang Li, Thalia Papayannopoulou, George Stamatoyannopolous, and Andre Lieber "A capsid-modified helper-dependent adenovirus vector containing the beta-globin locus control region displays a nonrandom integration pattern and allows stable, erythroid-specific gene expression". Journal of Virology 79 (17): 10999–101(September 2005).
- Gao, X. and Huang, L. Potentiation of cationic liposome-mediated gene delivery by polycations. Biochemistry 35,1027(1996) .
- Horn PA, Morris JC, Neff T, Kiem HP "Stem cell gene transfer - efficacy and safety in large animal studies". Mol. Ther. 10 (3): 417–31.(Sep 2004).
- Jenkins, R. G., Meng, Q. H., Hodges, R. J., Lee, L. K., Bottoms, S. E. W., Laurent, G.J.,Willis, D., Ayazi Shamlou, P., McAnulty, R. J. and Hart, S. L. Farhood, H., Serbina, N. and Huang, L. The role of dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine in cationic liposome mediated gene transfer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1235, 289–295 (1995)
- Chen, Q.-R., Zhang, L., Stass, S. A. and Mixson, A. J. Copolymer of histidine and lysine markedly enhances transfection efficiency of liposomes. Gene Ther. (2000)
- Duguid, J. G., Li, C., Shi, M., Logan, M. J., Alila, H., Rolland, A., Tomlinson, E., Sparrow, J. T. and Smith, L. C. A physiochemical approach for predicting the effectiveness of peptide-based gene delivery systems for use in plasmid-based gene therapy. Biophys. J. 74, 2802–2814(1998).
- Brown, M. D., Schatzlein, A. G. and Uchegbu, I. F. Gene delivery with synthetic (non viral) carriers. Int. J. Pharm. 229, 1–21(2001)
- Tachibana, R., Harashima, H., Shinohara, Y. and Kiwada, H. Quantitative studies on the nuclear import of plasid DNA and gene expression employing non-viral vectors. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 52, 219–226(2001)
- Auton, C. W. Nuclear import of polypeptides, polynucleotides and supramolecular complexes. Adv. Drug. Delivery Rev. 34, 51–64(1998)
- Use of Triggers to Detect Adverse Drug Reactions of Gastrointestinal Tract in Outpatient Department
Abstract Views :265 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik (MS) 420 004, IN
2 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik, IN
1 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik (MS) 420 004, IN
2 University Department of Interpathy Research and Technology, Maharashtra University of Health Science, Nashik, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 3, No 5 (2011), Pagination: 260-262Abstract
The use of "triggers", clues to identify Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) is an effective method for measuring the overall level of harm from medications in a health care organization. The use of multiple medications is a serious problem in current health care system. To detect the Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in gastrointestinal drugs by using trigger tool methodology was done in civil hospital and one of the private hospital of Nashik city. It includes enrolment of the patient in Out Patient Department (OPD) according to Inclusion Criteria (IC) and Exclusion Criteria (EC). The patient was selected by using consecutive sampling method. Written informed consent was taken from recruit patient by using informed consent form. Once the informed consent was obtained, patient's prescription was studied and was followed every 7 days by telephonic conversation and every month in OPD. Prescription was studied and analysed by observing the prescription of the patient by using predetermined triggers associated with possible adverse drug event for next seven days. After finding specific trigger we kept record of all finding on ADE report form. Total number of prescriptions was considered and total number of Triggers was calculated in percentage .Total number of positive triggers which had shown ADR was calculated accordingly. Out of 180 sample size total triggers were found to be 15 (8.3%), and ADR reported to be 7 (3.8%). We found 8 (4.4%) such triggers which could not detect any ADR. Improving trigger tools and applying them in analyzing the ADR will surely detect the ADR and reduce the risk and harms in patients.Keywords
Gastrointestinal System, Adverse Drug Reaction, Trigger Tool, Adverse Drug Event.References
- Vikas dhikav et al., Adverse drug reaction monitoring in India Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine 2004; 1:27 -33.
- Wiffen P, Gill M, Edwards J, Moore A: Adverse drug reactions in hospital patients. A systematic review of the prospective and retrospective studies. Bandolier Extra 2002, 1-16.
- Lazarou J,Pomeranz B.H., Corey, P.N. JAMA, 5/2/2001; 279(15); 1200; 1998. Originally posted 6/12/2004; Revised 2006-01-10.
- Shashindran and B.Gitanjali, Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Health Administrator Vol: XIX Number 1: 20-21.
- Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1981; 30: 239-45.
- Forster AJ, Murff HJ, Peterson JF, Gandhi TK, Bates DW (2003) the incidence and severity of adverse events affecting patients after discharge from the hospital. Ann Intern Med 138:161-167 2003.
- K.D Tripathi Text Book of Pharmacology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Ltd New Delhi, 2003.
- Griffin FA, Resar RK. IHI Global Trigger Tool for Measuring Adverse Events. IHI Innovation Series white paper. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Institute for Healthcare Improvement; 2007.
- J D Rozich, C R Haraden, R K Resar- Adverse drug event trigger tool: a practical methodology for measuring medication related harm: Qual Saf Health Care 2003; 12; 194 - 200.
- Himanshu Sharma et al., A pharmacovigilance study in the department of medicine of a university teaching hospital: Pharmacy Practice 2007; 5(1): 46-49.
- Hillary J. Mull, MPP1, Jonathan R. Nebeker - Informatics Tools for the Development of Action-Oriented Triggers for Outpatient Adverse Drug Events AMIA . 2008; 505-509.
- Michael N Cantor, Henry J Feldman, Marc M Triola-Using trigger phrases to detect adverse drug reactions in ambulatory care notes: Qual Saf Health Care 2007; 16:132-134.
- Kerry Butler et al., Eliminating Adverse Drug Events at Ascension Health The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety2007; 33(9):527-535.
- Schumock GT, Thornton JP. Focusing on the preventability of adverse drug reactions. Hosp Pharm. 1992; 27:538.
- IHI Global Trigger Tool for Measuring Adverse Events (UK version). Institute for Healthcare Improvement. September 2008, 3.
- MODBUS–An Overview and Applications in Automation Supporting ASCII and RTU Mode Transmission
Abstract Views :149 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Shingad Institute, IN
2 IN E&TC, Bharati Vidyapeeth, IN
1 Shingad Institute, IN
2 IN E&TC, Bharati Vidyapeeth, IN
Source
Networking and Communication Engineering, Vol 4, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 84-89Abstract
The Evolution Industrial Communication inexorably moves to Industrial Networks.Since the Modbus protocol was introduced in 1979, it has been adopted in manufacturing applications throughout the world. This paper gives an overview of all the aspects in which how MODBUS gives its contribution in this evolution of Industrial Automation. It also explains the various application of MODBUS which can be implemented using both ASCII and RTU transmission Mode.Keywords
The Evolution Industrial Communication Inexorably, Ethernet Infrastructure.- Low-Complexity Based Modified Image Super-Resolution Scheme by the Design of Dyadic Integer Coefficient Based Wavelet Filters
Abstract Views :134 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
P. B. Chopade
1,
P. M. Patil
2
Affiliations
1 Modern Education Society’s College of Engineering, Pune-01, IN
2 KJ’s Educational Institute, Pune-1, IN
1 Modern Education Society’s College of Engineering, Pune-01, IN
2 KJ’s Educational Institute, Pune-1, IN
Source
Digital Image Processing, Vol 7, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 120-124Abstract
This paper presents a low-complexity based modified image super-resolution scheme based on the wavelet coefficients soft-thresholding .The design this scheme is based on a particular class of dyadic-integer-coefficient based wavelet filters (DICWFs) which is formulated from the design of a half-band polynomial. To design integer-coefficient based half-band polynomial we used the splitting approach. Next, factorization is done for this designed half-band polynomial and assigned specific number of vanishing moments and ischolar_mains to achieve the dyadic-integer coefficients low-pass analysis and synthesis filters to reduce the hardware complexity. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) obtained from DICWF is applied on the low-resolution image to obtain the high frequency sub-bands. These high frequency sub-bands and the original low-resolution image are then interpolated to enhance the resolution. Next, stationary wavelet transform (SWT) that are obtained using DICWFs is employed to minimize the loss due to the use of DWT. In addition, wavelet coefficients soft-thresholding scheme is used on these estimated high-frequency sub-bands in order to reduce the spatial domain noise. These sub-bands are combined together by inverse discrete wavelet transform obtained from DICWF to generate a high-resolution image. The proposed approach is validated based on quality metrics of existing filter banks and proposed filter banks.
Keywords
Superesolution, Dyadic-Integer-Coefficients, DWT, Soft Thersholding.- Design of Dyadic-Integer-Coefficients Based Bi-Orthogonal Wavelet Filters for Image Super-Resolution Using Sub-Pixel Image Registration
Abstract Views :167 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
P. B. Chopade
1,
P. M. Patil
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Modern Education Society’s College of Engineering, IN
2 RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, IN
1 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Modern Education Society’s College of Engineering, IN
2 RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, IN
Source
ICTACT Journal on Image and Video Processing, Vol 4, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 817-823Abstract
This paper presents image super-resolution scheme based on subpixel image registration by the design of a specific class of dyadic integer- coefficient based wavelet filters derived from the construction of a half-band polynomial. First, the integer-coefficient based halfband polynomial is designed by the splitting approach. Next, this designed half-band polynomial is factorized and assigned specific number of vanishing moments and ischolar_mains to obtain the dyadic-integer coefficients low-pass analysis and synthesis filters. The possibility of these dyadic-integer coefficients based wavelet filters is explored in the field of image super-resolution using sub-pixel image registration. The two-resolution frames are registered at a specific shift from one another to restore the resolution lost by CCD array of camera. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) obtained from the designed coefficients is applied on these two low-resolution images to obtain the high resolution image. The developed approach is validated by comparing the quality metrics with existing filter banks.Keywords
Super-Resolution, Sub-Pixel Image Registration, Integer Wavelet, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Half-Band Polynomial.- UV Spectrophotometric Simultaneous Determination of Metformine Hydrochloride and Pioglitazone Hydrochloride in Combined Dosage Form
Abstract Views :237 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Modern Collage of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Modern Collage of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, IN